The primary function of a transformer is to change voltage levels while keeping power constant (ideally). Transformers work on AC and can step up or step down voltage levels while maintaining the same power (minus small losses).

Correct Answer: b) Change voltage levels while keeping power constant

Transformers work on the principle of mutual induction (where changing current in one coil induces voltage in another coil) which is a specific case of electromagnetic induction. Therefore, both a) and c) are correct.

Correct Answer: d) Both a) and c)

The core is laminated to reduce eddy current losses. Laminations are insulated from each other to break up the path of eddy currents, which are circulating currents induced in the core that would otherwise cause energy loss as heat.

Correct Answer: c) Eddy current loss

A step-up transformer increases voltage from primary to secondary winding. It has more turns in the secondary winding than in the primary winding, resulting in higher output voltage.

Correct Answer: a) Step-up transformer

With a turns ratio of 1:2, the secondary voltage will be twice the primary voltage. Therefore, 220V × 2 = 440V. This is a step-up transformer configuration.

Correct Answer: b) 440V

In an ideal transformer (with no losses), the input power equals the output power. This is because transformers don't generate power, they only transfer it from one circuit to another with changed voltage and current levels.

Correct Answer: c) Equal to output power